2,4,6-Trinitroaniline

2,4,6-Trinitroaniline
Names
Preferred IUPAC name
2,4,6-Trinitroaniline
Other names
Picramide
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
ChemSpider
ECHA InfoCard 100.007.004
UNII
  • InChI=1S/C6H4N4O6/c7-6-4(9(13)14)1-3(8(11)12)2-5(6)10(15)16/h1-2H,7H2 Y
    Key: IAHOUQOWMXVMEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Y
  • InChI=1/C6H4N4O6/c7-6-4(9(13)14)1-3(8(11)12)2-5(6)10(15)16/h1-2H,7H2
    Key: IAHOUQOWMXVMEH-UHFFFAOYAP
  • c1c(cc(c(c1[N+](=O)[O-])N)[N+](=O)[O-])[N+](=O)[O-]
Properties
C6H4N4O6
Molar mass 228.120 g·mol−1
Appearance yellow/orange/red powder
Density 1.8 g/cm3
Melting point 188 °C (370 °F; 461 K)
Boiling point explodes before boiling
insoluble
Structure[1]
Monoclinic
P21/c
a = 6.137 Å, b = 9.217 Å, c = 15.323 Å
α = 90°, β = 99.67°, γ = 90°
4
Hazards
Occupational safety and health (OHS/OSH):
Main hazards
 explosion
Flash point unknown
unknown
Explosive data
Shock sensitivity unknown
Friction sensitivity unknown
Detonation velocity 7,300 m/s
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
N verify (what is YN ?)
Infobox references

2,4,6-Trinitroaniline, C6H4N4O6, abbreviated as TNA and also known as picramide, a nitrated amine. The appearance of trinitroaniline varies from yellow to orange to red depending on its purity and concentration.

Applications

Trinitroaniline is only used in modern times in the small warheads of some explosive devices such as mortars. In World War II it was used by Imperial Japanese Navy as Type 97 bakuyaku (Model 1931 explosive) in some versions of gun projectiles instead of less stable burster schimose (picric acid).[2] It was also used in the Yokosuka MXY-7 Ohka, a kamikaze antishipping human-guided rocket aircraft.

Health and safety

Trinitroaniline is dangerously explosive and also hepatoxic.[3] Symptoms of exposure to this compound may include skin and eye irritation, headache, drowsiness, weakness, cyanosis, and respiratory distress.

See also

References

  1. ^ Holden, James R.; Dickinson, Charles; Bock, Charles M. (1972). "Crystal structure of 2,4,6-trinitroaniline". The Journal of Physical Chemistry. 76 (24): 3597–3602. doi:10.1021/j100668a017.
  2. ^ "Definitions and Information about Naval Guns - NavWeaps".
  3. ^ "2,4,6-Trinitroaniline - Hazardous Agents | Haz-Map". haz-map.com. Retrieved 2024-05-31.
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