Palaeocarcharias
| Palaeocarcharias Temporal range: Middle-Late Jurassic
| |
|---|---|
| Specimens of P. stromeri from the Upper Jurassic of Germany | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Chondrichthyes |
| Subclass: | Elasmobranchii |
| Division: | Selachii |
| Superorder: | Galeomorphi |
| Genus: | †Palaeocarcharias Beaumont, 1960 |
| Species: | †P. stromeri
|
| Binomial name | |
| †Palaeocarcharias stromeri Beaumont, 1960
| |
Palaeocarcharias is an extinct genus of shark, known from the Jurassic of Europe. It has only a single named species, Palaeocarcharias stromeri, which is known from exceptionally preserved specimens from the Late Jurassic (Tithonian) of Germany (Solnhofen Limestone) and France (Canjuers Lagerstatte) [1]. Isolated teeth of indeterminate species from England (White Limestone Formation, and possibly the Forest Marble and Taynton Limestone) extend the range of the genus back to the Middle Jurassic (Bathonian).[2] Morphologically, it closely resembles carpet sharks (Orectolobiformes),[3] and is around 1 metre (3.3 ft) in total body length.[4] However, it shares greater similarities in tooth development with mackerel sharks (Lamniformes), including the absence of orthodentine, and has been suggested to the earliest known member of the Lamniformes or a member of a sister group to the Lamniformes.[5][3] A 2018 study suggested that should be classified as the sole member of the order Palaeocarchariiformes,[5] but a subsequent 2023 study questioned this and favoured placement in Lamniformes.[2] A 2024 study of a specimen from Canjuers suggested that as that it was in fact a true carpet shark, perhaps a member of Orectolobidae (the wobbegongs).[6]
References
- ^ Guinot, Guillaume; Vullo, Romain; Peyer, Karin; Reneleau, Vincent (2025-01-01). "An articulated skeleton of the neoselachian shark Palaeocarcharias from the Late Jurassic Canjuers Lagerstätte (southeastern France)". Annales de Paléontologie. 111 (1) 102738. doi:10.1016/j.annpal.2024.102738. ISSN 0753-3969.
- ^ a b Villalobos-Segura, Eduardo; Stumpf, Sebastian; Türtscher, Julia; Jambura, Patrick; Begat, Arnaud; López-Romero, Faviel; Fischer, Jan; Kriwet, Jürgen (2023-03-08). "A Synoptic Review of the Cartilaginous Fishes (Chondrichthyes: Holocephali, Elasmobranchii) from the Upper Jurassic Konservat-Lagerstätten of Southern Germany: Taxonomy, Diversity, and Faunal Relationships". Diversity. 15 (3): 386. Bibcode:2023Diver..15..386V. doi:10.3390/d15030386. ISSN 1424-2818. PMC 7614348. PMID 36950327.
- ^ a b Jambura, Patrick L.; Kindlimann, René; López-Romero, Faviel; Marramà, Giuseppe; Pfaff, Cathrin; Stumpf, Sebastian; Türtscher, Julia; Underwood, Charlie J.; Ward, David J.; Kriwet, Jürgen (2019-07-04). "Micro-computed tomography imaging reveals the development of a unique tooth mineralization pattern in mackerel sharks (Chondrichthyes; Lamniformes) in deep time". Scientific Reports. 9 (1): 9652. Bibcode:2019NatSR...9.9652J. doi:10.1038/s41598-019-46081-3. ISSN 2045-2322. PMC 6609643. PMID 31273249.
- ^ Shimada, Kenshu; Becker, Martin A.; Griffiths, Michael L. (2021-11-02). "Body, jaw, and dentition lengths of macrophagous lamniform sharks, and body size evolution in Lamniformes with special reference to 'off-the-scale' gigantism of the megatooth shark, Otodus megalodon". Historical Biology. 33 (11): 2543–2559. Bibcode:2021HBio...33.2543S. doi:10.1080/08912963.2020.1812598. ISSN 0891-2963. S2CID 224935604.
- ^ a b Landemaine, Olivier; Thies, Detlev; Waschkewitz, Jens (2018-11-01). "The Late Jurassic shark Palaeocarcharias (Elasmobranchii, Selachimorpha) – functional morphology of teeth, dermal cephalic lobes and phylogenetic position". Palaeontographica Abteilung A. 312 (5–6): 103–165. Bibcode:2018PalAA.312..103L. doi:10.1127/0375-0442/2018/0000/0085. S2CID 146540287.
- ^ Guinot, Guillaume; Vullo, Romain; Peyer, Karin; Reneleau, Vincent (January 2025). "An articulated skeleton of the neoselachian shark Palaeocarcharias from the Late Jurassic Canjuers Lagerstätte (southeastern France)". Annales de Paléontologie. 111 (1) 102738. Bibcode:2025AnPal.11102738G. doi:10.1016/j.annpal.2024.102738.