Hrangkhol language
| Hrangkhol | |
|---|---|
| Hrangkhawl | |
| Native to | India and Burma |
| Region | Tripura, southeast Manipur, parts of Assam |
Native speakers | (19,000 cited 2000)[1] |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | hra |
| Glottolog | hran1239 |
Hrangkhol, Hrangkhawl belongs to the Mizo languages spoken by the Hrangkhawl people mainly in Assam and Tripura states in India, with a minority living in Manipur and Mizoram. It is closely related with Khawsak dialect/Literary Kukis because, as each of the 20+ Kukis subtribes had their own dialect, over time they developed a lingua-franca, a common language for them all which today is known as "Khawsak țawng/Kukis țawng".
Phonology
Vowels
| Front | Central | Back | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Open | i | u | |
| Mid | e | ə | o |
| Close | a |
All monophthongs occur in initial, medial, and final positions. Hrangkhol also has five diphthongs, /ai/, /ei/, /əi/, /oi/, and /ui/. /ui/ and /ai/ occur in all positions, while /ei/, /əi/, and /oi/ only occur in medial and final positions.[2]
Consonants
| Labial | Alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Glottal | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nasal | m | n | ŋ | |||
| Plosive/ | aspirated | pʰ | tʰ | kʰ | ||
| voiceless | p | t | t͡ʃ | k | ||
| voiced | b | d | g | |||
| Fricative | voiceless | s | h | |||
| voiced | v | z | ||||
| Trill | r | |||||
| Approximant | l | w | ||||
All consonants occur in initial and medial positions, however only /p/, /t/, /k/, /r/, /l/, /m/, /n/, and /ŋ/ can occur as a coda. Hrangkhol also has stop-liquid clusters in syllable initial positions such as in klek "noise", and rtai "run". Consonant sequences between syllabic boundaries are also common, typically occuring in medial positions.[2]
Tone
Hrangkhol distinguishes between high and low tones, which are marked with an acute and a grave respectively.[2]
References
- ^ Hrangkhol at Ethnologue (25th ed., 2022)
- ^ a b c Debbarma, Surath (2018). "The Structure Of Hrangkhawl A Kuki Chin Language". University.