Hadron collider
A hadron collider is a very large particle accelerator built to test the predictions of various theories in particle physics, high-energy physics or nuclear physics by colliding hadrons.[1] A hadron collider uses tunnels to accelerate, store, and collide two particle beams.
Colliders
Only a few hadron colliders have been built. These are:
- Intersecting Storage Rings (ISR), European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), in operation 1971–1984.[2]
- Super Proton Synchrotron (SPS), CERN, used as a hadron collider 1981–1991.[3]
- Tevatron, Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (Fermilab), in operation 1983–2011.[4]
- Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC), Brookhaven National Laboratory, in operation since 2000.[5]
- Large Hadron Collider (LHC), CERN, in operation since 2008.[1]
See also
References
- ^ a b "The Large Hadron Collider". CERN. 2025-11-13. Retrieved 2025-11-15.
- ^ Hubner, Kurt (2012-06-18). "Design and construction of the ISR". arXiv:1206.3948 [physics.acc-ph].
- ^ "The Super Proton Synchrotron". CERN. 2025-11-13. Retrieved 2025-11-15.
- ^ "Fermilab | Tevatron". www.fnal.gov. Retrieved 2025-11-15.
- ^ "NP Relativistic Heavy Ion Collid... | U.S. DOE Office of Science (SC)". science.osti.gov. 2024-08-28. Retrieved 2025-11-15.