Cybaeidae
| Cybaeidae Temporal range:
| |
|---|---|
| Cybaeus charlesi | |
| Dirksia cinctipes in Canada | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Subphylum: | Chelicerata |
| Class: | Arachnida |
| Order: | Araneae |
| Infraorder: | Araneomorphae |
| Family: | Cybaeidae Banks, 1892 |
| Diversity | |
| 24 genera, 303 species | |
Cybaeidae is a family of spiders first described by Nathan Banks in 1892.[1] There are small to large sized entelegyne spiders, which are ecribellate.[2] The diving bell spider or water spider Argyroneta aquatica was previously included in this family, but is now in the family Dictynidae.[3][4] The distribution of this species resembles closely a typical Holarctic biogeography, with all of their species being found in the northern hemisphere. Where they have a tendency to live beneath rocks or woody debris in shaded and cool forest habitats, but they can also be found in caves, ant nests, and moss on tree trunks.[2] They are morphologically defined as spiders which have three claws, a single row of tarsal trichobothria, and posterior lateral spinnerets which lack a cribellum.[2]
Most of the cybaeid genera are very species rich, as they have a large number of very short-range endemic species.[2]
Genera
As of January 2026, this family includes 24 genera and 303 species:[5]
- Allocybaeina Bennett, 2020 – Japan, United States
- Blabomma Chamberlin & Ivie, 1937 – Korea, North America
- Calymmaria Chamberlin & Ivie, 1937 – North America
- Cryphoeca Thorell, 1870 – Japan, Turkey, Europe, North America
- Cryphoecina Deltshev, 1997 – Montenegro
- Cybaeina Chamberlin & Ivie, 1932 – Korea, North America
- Cybaeota Chamberlin & Ivie, 1933 – Russia, North America
- Cybaeozyga Chamberlin & Ivie, 1937 – United States
- Cybaeus L. Koch, 1868 – Asia, Europe, North America, Peru
- Dirksia Chamberlin & Ivie, 1942 – France, North America
- Ethobuella Chamberlin & Ivie, 1937 – North America
- Guicybaeus Wang, Chen, Yang & Zhang, 2023 – China
- Mastigusa Menge, 1854 – Algeria, Georgia, Iran, Turkey, Europe, Britain
- Neocryphoeca Roth, 1970 – United States
- Neocybaeina Bennett, 2023 – United States
- Pseudocybaeota Bennett, 2022 – United States
- Rothaeina Bennett, 2023 – United States
- Sincybaeus Wang & Zhang, 2022 – China, Japan
- Siskiyu Hedin, Ramírez & Monjaraz-Ruedas, 2025 – United States
- Symposia Simon, 1898 – Colombia, Venezuela
- Tuberta Simon, 1884 – Azerbaijan, Turkey, Europe, Britain
- Vagellia Simon, 1899 – Indonesia
- Willisus Roth, 1981 – United States
- Yorima Chamberlin & Ivie, 1942 – Cuba, United States
A fossil genus is also placed in this family:[6]
- †Vectaraneus Selden, 2003 (Isle of Wight)
References
- ^ Banks, N. (1892). "A classification of North American spiders". The Canadian Entomologist. 24 (4): 88–97. doi:10.4039/Ent2488-4.
- ^ a b c d Hedin, Marshal; Ramírez, Martín J.; Monjaraz-Ruedas, Rodrigo (2025-02-06). "Phylogenomics of North American cybaeid spiders (Araneae, Cybaeidae), including the description of new taxa from the Klamath Mountains Geomorphic Province". ZooKeys (1226): 47–75. Bibcode:2025ZooK.1226...47H. doi:10.3897/zookeys.1226.140204. ISSN 1313-2970. PMC 11826229. PMID 39959859.
- ^ "Taxon details Argyroneta aquatica (Clerck, 1757)", World Spider Catalog, Natural History Museum Bern, retrieved 2020-12-21
- ^ Wheeler, Ward C.; Coddington, Jonathan A.; Crowley, Louise M.; Dimitrov, Dimitar; Goloboff, Pablo A.; Griswold, Charles E.; Hormiga, Gustavo; Prendini, Lorenzo; Ramírez, Martín J.; Sierwald, Petra; Almeida-Silva, Lina; Alvarez-Padilla, Fernando; Arnedo, Miquel A.; Benavides Silva, Ligia R.; Benjamin, Suresh P.; Bond, Jason E.; Grismado, Cristian J.; Hasan, Emile; Hedin, Marshal; Izquierdo, Matías A.; Labarque, Facundo M.; Ledford, Joel; Lopardo, Lara; Maddison, Wayne P.; Miller, Jeremy A.; Piacentini, Luis N.; Platnick, Norman I.; Polotow, Daniele; Silva-Dávila, Diana; Scharff, Nikolaj; Szűts, Tamás; Ubick, Darrell; Vink, Cor J.; Wood, Hannah M. & Zhang, Junxia (2016). "The spider tree of life: phylogeny of Araneae based on target-gene analyses from an extensive taxon sampling". Cladistics. 33 (6): 574–616. doi:10.1111/cla.12182. PMID 34724759. S2CID 35535038.
- ^ "Family Cybaeidae Banks, 1892". World Spider Catalog. doi:10.24436/2. Retrieved 2026-01-22.
- ^ Selden, Paul A. (July 2001). "Eocene Spiders from the Isle of Wight With Preserved Respiratory Structures" (PDF). Palaeontology. 44 (4): 695–729. Bibcode:2001Palgy..44..695S. doi:10.1111/1475-4983.00199.