Brendan Carr

For the Irish politician, see Brendan Carr (politician). For the American medical doctor and professor, see Brendan Carr (physician).
Not to be confused with Brandon Carr.

Brendan Carr
Official portrait, 2025
31st Chair of the Federal Communications Commission
Incumbent
Assumed office
January 20, 2025
PresidentDonald Trump
Preceded byJessica Rosenworcel
Commissioner of the Federal Communications Commission
Incumbent
Assumed office
August 11, 2017
President
Preceded byTom Wheeler
Personal details
BornBrendan Thomas Carr
(1979-01-05) January 5, 1979
Washington, D.C., U.S.
PartyRepublican
SpouseMachalagh Carr
Children3
Education

Brendan Thomas Carr (born January 5, 1979) is an American lawyer who has served as the chair of the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) since 2025. Carr has additionally served as a commissioner of the FCC since 2017.

Carr studied government at Georgetown University and graduated from the Columbus School of Law at Catholic University of America in 2005. He worked in private practice before joining the FCC in 2012 as an attorney and becoming an advisor to Commissioner Ajit Pai in 2014. After Pai became the commission's chair in January 2017, Carr was appointed its general counsel. In June 2017, President Donald Trump nominated Carr to serve as a commissioner of the FCC and Carr voted to repeal net neutrality rules in December. As commissioner, Carr initially focused on networks, although he began criticizing social media companies and China over perceived authoritarian policies later in his first term. He was involved in the development of Project 2025 and authored a section of the Heritage Foundation's Mandate for Leadership (2023).

In November 2024, president-elect Trump named Carr as his chair of the FCC. He took office following Trump's second inauguration. As chair, Carr investigated companies over their diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) policies, threatening to block business decisions if organizational hiring practices were not changed. He was involved in the merger of Skydance Media and Paramount Global, securing an ombudsman to ensure a "diversity of viewpoints"; Carr's role in the merger led to ethics concerns. Carr has sought to implement or broaden the FCC mandate to ensure public-interest programming, particularly in countering a perceived liberal bias in broadcasts. In September, Carr threatened broadcasters to suspend the late-night talk show Jimmy Kimmel Live!, leading to broad criticism.

Early life and education

Brendan Thomas Carr was born on January 5, 1979,[1] in Washington, D.C.[2] Carr's father was a Washington D.C.-based attorney who at one point represented president Richard Nixon.[3] Carr graduated from Georgetown University in 2001 with a Bachelor of Arts in government with a minor in history and anthropology, then earned his Juris Doctor, magna cum laude, from the Columbus School of Law at the Catholic University of America.[4] He is a Republican[5] and a Catholic.[6]

Career

Private practice and advisorship (2005–2017)

Carr worked for Wiley Rein from September 2005 to June 2012, temporarily working for Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit judge Dennis Shedd as a law clerk from 2008 to 2009. Shedd was former chief counsel for conservative Senator Strom Thurmond.[3]

Carr joined the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) in July 2012 as an attorney in the Office of General Counsel. He became an advisor to commissioner Ajit Pai in February 2014.[4] After Pai became the chair of the FCC in January 2017, Carr was appointed as its general counsel.[7] He married Machalagh Carr, the former oversight staff director on the House Committee on Ways and Means, with whom he has two children.[8]

Commissioner of the Federal Communications Commission (2017–2025)

In May 2017, Politico Pro reported that Carr was among several potential candidates to be nominated for the vacant FCC seat previously occupied by Tom Wheeler.[9] On June 28, president Donald Trump nominated Carr to the commission.[10] Carr appeared before the Senate Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation the following month in which he defended his independence over his association to Ajit Pai.[11] On August 2, the committee advanced his nomination, although Democrats objected to a five-year continuation of Carr's term.[12] The following day, Carr was confirmed by the Senate in a voice vote.[13] As commissioner, he visited a fiber optic cable manufacturing facility in North Carolina that month.[14] Carr marked his tenure with a focus on wireless infrastructure policy, particularly in streamlining deployment of 5G towers.[15] He voted to repeal net neutrality rules in December.[16]

Although Carr was confirmed through the remainder of Wheeler's term, his nomination for a five-year term elapsed at the conclusion of the first session of the 115th United States Congress in January 2018. Democrats intended to combine Carr's reconfirmation with a nominee to succeed commissioner Mignon Clyburn, who was widely expected to retire.[17] The Senate Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation voted to advance Carr's nomination for a five-year term in a 14–13 vote along party lines on January 18; Democrats mounted opposition over Carr's vote to repeal net neutrality.[18] After his nomination was temporarily held up by West Virginia senator Joe Manchin over exempted rural broadband subsidies in the Mobility Fund and by Alaska senators Dan Sullivan and Lisa Murkowski over an Alaskan telecommunications company's exclusion from the rural health subsidies,[19] Carr was confirmed by the Senate on January 3, 2019, amid a government shutdown that furloughed most employees at the FCC.[20]

At a regulatory summit in Brussels in February 2018, Carr outlined a three-step process to ensure regulators are prepared for 5G.[21] Later that month, he discussed streamlining the historic and environmental review process for 5G networks.[22] Carr's plan received criticism from city officials,[23] and also from Native American tribes—whose role in the review processes would be nullified, and consequently Democrats,[24] although it was praised by telecommunications companies, including Sprint and AT&T;[24] the plan was approved by the FCC in September.[25] In July, Carr proposed a US$100 million telehealth fund for low-income Americans.[26] The following month, the commission unanimously approved the fund as an extension of the Universal Service Fund.[27]

Leading up to the COVID-19 pandemic, Carr began philosophically distancing himself from Pai, focusing on reforming Section 230 of the Communications Decency Act.[28] He continued to focus on 5G, announcing a blueprint for the FCC to follow in March 2021.[29] Nomination delays from president Joe Biden enabled the FCC to retain a majority.[30] His efforts to advance 5G faced resistance from the Biden administration, leading to a public conflict between Carr and administration officials, including the president.[31] He led an effort to withhold authorization from Chinese manufacturers, including Huawei and ZTE, over alleged national security concerns.[32]

In September 2022, a policy advisor to Ajit Pai contacted Carr to introduce him to Wesley Coopersmith, the chief of staff to the Heritage Foundation president Kevin Roberts. Coopersmith informed him of a working project, later known as Project 2025, to redevelop the federal government towards a conservative philosophy, sending him the first and seventh edition of the Heritage Foundation's Mandate for Leadership. Carr told Coopersmith that he was interested in contributing to Project 2025; despite the possibility that Carr's work could be considered political activity by Internal Revenue Service statute, an ethics lawyer for the FCC determined that Carr would not be in violation of the Hatch Act, although she warned that he should distance himself from his work at the FCC. Carr wrote several pages involving telecommunications and technology regulation for Project 2025.[33] His work included calling for regulating technology companies, imposing transparency rules, and ending Section 230.[34]

Chair of the Federal Communications Commission (2025–present)

Appointment and early investigations

As early as 2020, Carr was believed to be a possible successor to chairman Ajit Pai.[35] After Donald Trump's victory in the 2024 U.S. presidential election, he was widely expected to be named as chair of the FCC.[36] According to The New York Times, Elon Musk privately expressed support for Carr, with whom he had a good relationship.[37] On November 17, 2024, Trump named Carr as his nominee for chair.[38] Carr stated his intention to broaden the FCC's mandate to include social media companies.[39] In December 2024, Carr wrote a letter to Disney CEO Bob Iger that stated that "Americans no longer trust the national news media to report fully, accurately, and fairly", that "ABC's own conduct has certainly contributed to this erosion in public trust", and that he would be "monitoring the outcome" of unrelated financial negotiations of ABC affiliates.[3]

Carr became chairman after the Trump's second inauguration on January 20, 2025, although he lacked a Republican majority, pending the confirmation of Olivia Trusty.[40] That month, Carr ordered an investigation into NPR and PBS sponsorships as a violation of commercial advertising regulations and stated that he did not believe Congress should continue to fund both organizations.[41] The following day, he requested a transcript of vice president Kamala Harris's interview on 60 Minutes;[42] the FCC released the transcript in February.[43] Earlier in January, Carr reopened a complaint against WPVI-TV (ABC's Philadelphia owned-and-operated station) that had been dismissed by Jessica Rosenworcel, his predecessor as FCC chair,[44] over ABC's moderation of the September 2024 presidential debate between Trump and Harris.[45] Carr also accused NBC of trying to "evade" the FCC's equal-time rule when Harris appeared on the final Saturday Night Live episode before the 2024 election.[44]

Carr heralded a shift in the FCC's purpose towards leveraging the bully pulpit against opponents of Trump's ideology.[46] An ally of Musk,[46] he awarded Musk's SpaceX federal radio spectrum,[47] and began an investigation into EchoStar over 5G deployment requirements, threatening to give satellite spectrum to SpaceX instead;[48] in response to the inquiry, EchoStar stopped paying interest payments.[49] In April, Carr urged European countries to sign contracts with SpaceX over Chinese competitors.[50] He eliminated a proposal that would have barred landlords from forcing bulk internet service on residents,[51] and publicly questioned the Global Positioning System, seeking alternatives.[52] In March 2025, Carr announced an initiative titled "Delete, Delete, Delete" with the aim of eliminating existing telecom regulations.[53][54] Carr utilized Direct Final Rule to remove regulations without the required full public comment period.[55]

In February, as part of the second Trump administration's push to curb diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) efforts,[56] Carr ordered investigations into DEI practices at Comcast,[57] as well as into KCBS over its coverage of immigration actions in San Jose, California.[58] In apparent response to Carr, Paramount Global, which had a merger pending before the FCC, ended its DEI policies.[59] In March, Carr told Bloomberg News that he would block any mergers involving companies with DEI;[60] the following week, he announced that he had opened an investigation into The Walt Disney Company over its DEI policies,[61] and also threatened to revoke ABC's broadcast license over the practices.[62] Citing a complaint from Great American Media, Carr sent a letter to Google chief executive Sundar Pichai and YouTube executive Neal Mohan asking if YouTube TV was engaging in "faith-based discrimination".[63] The following month, T-Mobile closed its joint venture deal with Lumos Networks after agreeing to end its DEI policies.[64] The FCC approved Verizon's acquisition of Frontier Communications in May, assuring a commitment from Verizon that it would end its DEI practices.[65]

In response to the first two months of Carr's tenure as FCC chairman, former FCC commissioner and acting chair Michael Copps said that "Carr is the most ideological chairman we've ever had — and the most political" and Copps expressed deep concern over the agency's future.[3] Former FCC chairs Tom Wheeler, Reed Hundt, and Alfred C. Sikes criticized Carr's investigations of news organizations as violating the First Amendment,[66] while FCC commissioner Geoffrey Starks (who resigned in June 2025) argued that Carr's investigations of corporate DEI policies exceeded the FCC's statutory authorities.[67]

Media moves and suspension of Jimmy Kimmel Live!

Main article: Suspension of Jimmy Kimmel Live!

The FCC returned to a quorum with Trusty's confirmation, giving Republicans a majority.[68] Carr moved to end net neutrality, although a federal appellate court had already struck down net neutrality regulations,[69] and refused to enforce a rule that would have lowered prison phone call prices.[70] Carr has sought to broaden the FCC's mandate to adjudicate what content appears on television, particularly in countering a perceived liberal bias in broadcasts.[71]

The commission approved Paramount Global's merger with Skydance Media in July, achieving a commitment from Skydance that the resulting company, Paramount Skydance, would not have DEI policies.[72] The commitment included installing an ombudsman to ensure a "diversity of viewpoints".[73] Carr suggested in an interview with CNBC that the cancellation of The Late Show franchise by Paramount subsidiary CBS helped the company comply with regulations.[74] The Freedom of the Press Foundation filed an ethics complaint against him that month, citing his statements and actions in the merger process of Skydance Media and Paramount Global.[75]

In September 2025, Carr pressured the Walt Disney Company, which owns the American Broadcasting Company (ABC), over comments Jimmy Kimmel made about the assassination of Charlie Kirk, on his eponymous ABC show Jimmy Kimmel Live! Carr encouraged local stations to preempt Kimmel's show,[76] stating in comments made on the right-wing political commentator Benny Johnson's podcast that the FCC "can do this the easy way or the hard way".[77] Carr added that "companies can find ways to change conduct and take action, frankly, on Kimmel, or there's going to be additional work for the FCC ahead."[77] Shortly afterwards, Nexstar Media Group, the largest television station owner in the United States, stated that it would not air Jimmy Kimmel Live! "for the foreseeable future".[78] Nexstar was in the process of acquiring Tegna, the fourth-largest broadcaster, a move necessitating FCC approval;[79] the company later denied that Carr's comments influenced its decision.[78] Hours later, ABC announced that it was pulling the show indefinitely.[76] According to The Wall Street Journal, the company's decision was made by Bob Iger, the chief executive of Disney, and Dana Walden, the co-chairman of Disney Entertainment.[80]

House minority leader Hakeem Jeffries, joined by House minority whip Katherine Clark and House Democratic Caucus chair Pete Aguilar, denounced Carr's comments and called for him to resign.[81] Senate minority leader Chuck Schumer also called for Carr's resignation,[82] and wrote a letter to Carr along with ten Senate Democrats criticizing his comments and demanding answers to questions about their implications for broadcasters.[83] Several Republican members of Congress criticized or expressed concern about Carr's comments,[83] including Kentucky senator Rand Paul,[84] as well as Texas senator and Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation chair Ted Cruz, who compared Carr's statements to mafia tactics and called the threats "dangerous as hell".[85] Conversely, Trump praised Carr as a "great American patriot" and his actions, citing purportedly overwhelmingly negative coverage of his presidency.[86] Kimmel's show returned the following week.[87]

Media influence campaign

After the suspension of Jimmy Kimmel Live!, Carr focused on applying the equal-time rule.[71] In September 2025, he identified the daytime talk show The View as a possible target;[71] in February 2026, Reuters reported that Carr had initiated an investigation into The View after it conducted an interview with Texas state senator James Talarico, a candidate in the United States Senate election in Texas.[88] In November 2025, Carr reposted from Trump calling on NBC to fire the late-night host Seth Meyers for his critical comedy of Trump.[89] That month, he sent a letter to the chief executives of the BBC, PBS, and NPR, requesting a comment on whether a speech made by Trump before the January 6 Capitol attack was deceptively edited; the BBC had faced accusations of systemic bias over coverage of the speech, leading to resignations.[90]

In January 2026, Carr a regulatory notice on the equal-time rule for television broadcasters about their morning and late-night talk shows. Commissioner Anna Gomez criticized the guidance and claimed that it furthered Carr's "ongoing campaign to censor and control speech."[91] That month, Carr reserved that the same regulatory guidance in the notice would not be applied to talk radio.[92] In February, the comedian Stephen Colbert accused CBS's lawyers of blocking him from interviewing Talarico in fear that Carr would target the network; Carr dismissed the concern as a "hoax".[93] The following month, Carr threatened to revoke the broadcasting licenses of television stations "running hoaxes and news distortions" relating to the Iran war. He reposted a Truth Social post from Trump criticizing the headline of an article in The Wall Street Journal about an airstrike on five American refueling planes in Saudi Arabia as "intentionally misleading".[94]

Views

Telecommunications, media, and business affairs

In an interview with Politico Pro's Margaret Harding McGill, Carr stated that he found net neutrality rules unnecessary. He expressed support for encouraging industry investment and reforming spectrum auctions at the legislative level.[15] As a commissioner, he voted to repeal a rule that required broadcast stations to have a physical studio for each coverage area.[95] Carr criticized an internal plan from the first Trump administration that would nationalize 5G network construction,[96] and later decried it as "China-like nationalization".[97] Carr opposed secretary of transportation Pete Buttigieg's efforts to delay 5G network deployments amid apparent risks to flight safety.[98] He dissented in a vote to revoke Starlink's rural broadband subsidies.[99]

Carr supported a bill from Utah senator Mike Lee that would force the FCC to act within six months to act on mergers,[100] although he approved of Ajit Pai's motion to hold a legal hearing over the attempted acquisition of Tribune Media by Sinclair Broadcast Group months later, citing Sinclair Broadcast Group's divestiture plan.[101] In response to criticism from Democratic commissioners over a US$48 million fine against Sinclair that the commission's Republican majority approved in May 2020 following an investigation settlement, Carr referred to dissent as politically motivated.[102] He approved of the merger of Sprint Corporation and T-Mobile US,[103] as well as the attempted acquisition of Tegna by Standard General.[104] Carr rejected the Open Markets Institute's argument that the FCC could block the then-proposed acquisition of Twitter by Elon Musk.[105] After PayPal modified its policies to allow the company to fine users for promoting misinformation, he criticized the move as "Orwellian".[106] In July 2022, Carr proposed forcing large technology companies to pay into the Universal Service Fund.[107] After Apple moved to shut down Beeper Mini, he called to investigate the company.[108]

Freedom of speech

In response to an opinion column in The Washington Post by Mark Zuckerberg, the chief executive of Facebook, outlining his ideas for removing harmful content, Carr criticized Zuckerberg's call for government regulation as a violation of the First Amendment.[109] He later praised Zuckerberg's "instincts" to show Trump's posts that amplified COVID-19 misinformation unaltered.[110] Carr supported Trump's "Executive Order on Preventing Online Censorship" targeting Section 230 of the Communications Decency Act.[111] As Trump's social media use was threatened by misinformation, including involving the 2020 election, he offered a conservative case for reinterpreting Section 230, reaffirming Pai's supposed ability to do so in October 2020.[112] His arguments were later litigated by the editorial board at The Wall Street Journal, the Heritage Foundation, and senators Josh Hawley and Ted Cruz.[28] After Trump named Carr as his chair of the FCC, he vowed to "dismantle the censorship cartel and restore free speech rights".[113]

After Democrats on the House Committee on Energy and Commerce pressured cable providers to answer to concerns that television programming contributed to misinformation about the 2020 presidential election in a letter, he described the letter as a "chilling transgression" of freedom of speech.[114] In July 2021, Carr appeared with Florida governor Ron DeSantis to urge president Joe Biden to offer internet service to Cubans in an effort to circumvent censorship, an act that would allegedly violate international law.[115] Carr has referred to free speech as the "bedrock of democracy" and described political censorship as a "tool that those in power use to suppress any challenge to their positions or orthodoxy".[5] In 2019, Carr stated that the Federal Communications Commission does not have a "roving mandate to police speech in the name of the 'public interest.'"[116] He has praised political satire as a method of criticizing individuals in positions of power,[77] an argument he paralleled in defending free speech.[116]

As chair of the Federal Communications Commission, Carr has voiced support for punishing broadcasters over alleged anti-conservative biases.[117] He has advocated for repressing speech that he argues does not serve the public interest, including bias against conservatives.[86] Following the suspension of Jimmy Kimmel in September 2025, Carr stated that he believed public broadcasters should serve the public interest and that local television stations had "every right under the law in their contracts to preempt" content that did not affirm that goal.[77] He further stated that the U.S. was "in the midst of a massive shift in dynamics in the media ecosystem".[77]

China policy

As China Mobile sought access to the U.S. market, Carr called for the enterprise's application to be denied and for China Unicom and China Telecom to be examined.[118] At a meeting to discuss blocking broadband subsidies for companies that do not remove equipment developed by Huawei and ZTE, he warned that cell towers in missile fields in Montana are "running on Huawei equipment".[119] Carr sought to add the drone manufacturer DJI to the Covered List,[120] and referred to a report from The Washington Post that showed that DJI accepted Chinese state funding as "deeply concerning".[121] Amid the COVID-19 pandemic, he began directly calling out Chinese officials on social media.[122] Carr supported a ban on Huawei and ZTE devices.[123] Carr has opposed TikTok over national security concerns; the Post described him as its "loudest media critic".[124] In June 2022, he called for Apple and Google to remove the app from their stores,[125] after BuzzFeed News reported that TikTok employees in China had purportedly been able to access data from American users.[126]

Domestic and foreign issues

Carr denounced the Unite the Right rally in August 2017.[127] In response to the World Health Organization's response to the COVID-19 pandemic, he stated that the organization had been "beclowned". Weeks after the first impeachment trial of Donald Trump, Carr described the House Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence as a "secret and partisan surveillance machine" and attacked its chairman Adam Schiff, questioning the collection and publication of phone records in Trump's impeachment inquiry.[7] At a meeting with Georgia representative Buddy Carter in April 2025, Carr wore a gold lapel pin of Trump's face on his suit, in what was perceived as an indication of loyalty.[128] In December, Carr told the Senate Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation that the Federal Communications Commission was not an independent agency of the United States federal government.[129]

References

  1. ^ "Questionnaire for Brennan Carr". United States Senate Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation, p. 1.
  2. ^ Kang 2025b.
  3. ^ a b c d Zeitchik 2025.
  4. ^ a b "Questionnaire for Brennan Carr". United States Senate Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation, p. 18.
  5. ^ a b Kaczynski & Steck 2025.
  6. ^ "Questionnaire for Brennan Carr". United States Senate Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation, p. 4.
  7. ^ a b Hendel 2020.
  8. ^ "Questionnaire for Brennan Carr". United States Senate Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation, p. 2.
  9. ^ McGill 2017a.
  10. ^ Johnson 2017a.
  11. ^ Johnson 2017b.
  12. ^ Johnson 2017c.
  13. ^ Gold & Hendel 2017.
  14. ^ McGill 2017b.
  15. ^ a b McGill 2017c.
  16. ^ Kang 2017.
  17. ^ "Which Republicans could be swayed on net neutrality?". Politico.
  18. ^ "Shutdown watch and contingency plans". Politico.
  19. ^ Ravindranath 2018b.
  20. ^ Johnson 2019.
  21. ^ "Earnings triple-header". Politico.
  22. ^ "Senate Commerce considers FTC nominees". Politico.
  23. ^ Holmes 2018.
  24. ^ a b McGill 2018.
  25. ^ Hsu 2018.
  26. ^ Tahir 2018.
  27. ^ Ravindranath 2018a.
  28. ^ a b Kelly 2020.
  29. ^ Levine 2021.
  30. ^ Hendel 2021.
  31. ^ Hendel 2022.
  32. ^ Hollister 2022.
  33. ^ Leopold 2025.
  34. ^ Kanno-Youngs & Green 2024.
  35. ^ Lima & McGraw 2020.
  36. ^ Griffis & Miller 2024.
  37. ^ Schleifer 2024.
  38. ^ Kang 2024.
  39. ^ Kang & Satariano 2024.
  40. ^ Feiner 2025a.
  41. ^ Mullin & McCabe 2025.
  42. ^ Grynbaum 2025.
  43. ^ Mullin 2025a.
  44. ^ a b Rego 2025.
  45. ^ Johnson 2025.
  46. ^ a b FitzGerald, Ramkumar & Severns 2024.
  47. ^ Lipton 2025.
  48. ^ FitzGerald 2025.
  49. ^ Calma 2025.
  50. ^ Smith & Hollinger 2025.
  51. ^ Shakir 2025a.
  52. ^ Shakir 2025b.
  53. ^ Feiner 2025b.
  54. ^ Brodkin 2025a.
  55. ^ Brodkin 2025b.
  56. ^ Fortinsky 2025.
  57. ^ Mullin 2025b.
  58. ^ Carlos Lara 2025.
  59. ^ Mullin 2025c.
  60. ^ Green & Griffis 2025.
  61. ^ Kang 2025a.
  62. ^ Arkin & Collier 2025.
  63. ^ Roth 2025a.
  64. ^ Roth 2025b.
  65. ^ Roth 2025c.
  66. ^ Lincoln 2025.
  67. ^ Portnoy 2025.
  68. ^ Feiner 2025c.
  69. ^ Feiner 2025d.
  70. ^ Roth 2025d.
  71. ^ a b c Kang 2025c.
  72. ^ Mullin 2025d.
  73. ^ Maddaus 2025a.
  74. ^ Robertson 2025.
  75. ^ Mastrangelo 2025.
  76. ^ a b Koblin, Grynbaum & Barnes 2025.
  77. ^ a b c d e Kile 2025.
  78. ^ a b Maddaus 2025b.
  79. ^ Collins & Saha 2025.
  80. ^ Flint 2025.
  81. ^ Wardwell 2025.
  82. ^ Adragna 2025.
  83. ^ a b Adragna, Hendel & Miller 2025.
  84. ^ Lebowitz 2025.
  85. ^ Mineiro 2025.
  86. ^ a b Broadwater 2025.
  87. ^ Koblin et al. 2025.
  88. ^ Suter 2026.
  89. ^ Levy 2025.
  90. ^ McCabe 2025.
  91. ^ Hendel 2026a.
  92. ^ Hendel 2026b.
  93. ^ Hendel 2026c.
  94. ^ Ahn 2026.
  95. ^ Johnson 2017d.
  96. ^ McCabe 2018.
  97. ^ McGill 2019.
  98. ^ Cowley 2022.
  99. ^ Davis 2023.
  100. ^ Gold 2018.
  101. ^ Littleton 2018.
  102. ^ Littleton 2020.
  103. ^ Spangler 2019.
  104. ^ Shields 2023.
  105. ^ Brodkin 2022a.
  106. ^ Lima-Strong 2022.
  107. ^ Brodkin 2022b.
  108. ^ Roth 2024.
  109. ^ Kang 2019.
  110. ^ Isaac & Kang 2020.
  111. ^ Fried 2020.
  112. ^ Levine 2020.
  113. ^ Dou & Lima-Strong 2024.
  114. ^ Abrams 2021.
  115. ^ Bellware 2021.
  116. ^ a b Leingang 2025.
  117. ^ Brodkin 2022c.
  118. ^ McCabe 2019.
  119. ^ Hendel 2019.
  120. ^ Markay 2021.
  121. ^ Cadell 2022.
  122. ^ Hendel & Woodruff Swan 2020.
  123. ^ McCabe & Kang 2022.
  124. ^ Harwell 2023.
  125. ^ McCabe 2022a.
  126. ^ McCabe 2022b.
  127. ^ "FCC officials denounce white nationalists in Charlotteville". Politico.
  128. ^ Friedman 2025; Hendel 2025. "No longer: He has also abandoned the FCC's posture as an independent regulator in favor of an openly personal embrace of Trump. ... In April, alongside officials at the Justice Department, Carr donned a golden pin featuring Donald Trump's face."; Stelter 2025. "Carr has been a regular at Mar-a-Lago as well as Fox News, and earlier this year he showed his loyalty to Trump by wearing a gold lapel pin of the president's face."
  129. ^ Fischer & Rubin 2025.

Works cited

Articles

Documents

Wikiquote has quotations related to Brendan Carr.
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is available under Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0 unless otherwise noted. Additional terms may apply for the media files.