Asian narrow-headed softshell turtle

Asian narrow-headed softshell turtle
Fossil carapace
CITES Appendix I[2]
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Reptilia
Order: Testudines
Suborder: Cryptodira
Family: Trionychidae
Genus: Chitra
Species:
C. chitra
Binomial name
Chitra chitra
Nutaphand, 1986
Synonyms[3]
Chitra chitra chitra
  • Chitra chitra
    Nutaphand, 1986
  • Chitra chitra chitra
    McCord & Pritchard, 2003
Chitra chitra javanensis
  • ? Chitra selenkae
    Jaekel, 1911
  • Chitra chitra javanensis
    McCord & Pritchard, 2003
  • Chitra chitra javanica
    Iskandar & Mumpuni, 2003
    (ex errore)
  • Chitra chitra javaensis
    Artner, 2003
    (ex errore)

The Asian narrow-headed softshell turtle (Chitra chitra) is a large species of softshell turtle in the family Trionychidae. The species is endemic to Southeast Asia. There are two recognized subspecies.

Common names

Chitra chitra is also known commonly as Nutaphand's narrowhead softshell. It is a name given in honor of Wirot Nutaphand, a Thai herpetologist who did taxonomy.[4]

Description

Chitra chitra can reach a straight carapace length of 4.9 ft (1.5 m).

Geographic distribution

Chitra chitra is found in Indonesia, Malaysia, and Thailand.[5]

Habitat

Chitra chitra inhabits freshwater rivers and their tributaries.[5]

Reproduction

Chitra chitra is oviparous.[5] Females reach sexually maturity at 15 years.[1] Nutaphand (1986) reported that a large female laid over 100 eggs.

Subspecies

Two subspecies are recognized as being valid, including the nominotypical subspecies.[5]

In captivity

The largest specimen of Chitra chitra in the world was a female named Sumo. She was a pet in the possession of Kittipong Jaruthanin, a Thai fish explorer and collector. She died in September 2023, aged more than 40 years.[6]

References

  1. ^ a b Cota, M.; Guntoro, J.; As-singkily, M.; Hamidy, A.; Kusrini, M.D. (2019). "Chitra chitra". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019 e.T4695A152049778. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-1.RLTS.T4695A152049778.en. Retrieved 15 November 2021.
  2. ^ "Appendices | CITES". cites.org. Retrieved 2022-01-14.
  3. ^ Fritz, Uwe; Havaš, Peter (2007). "Checklist of Chelonians of the World" (PDF). Vertebrate Zoology. 57 (2): 311–312. doi:10.3897/vz.57.e30895. ISSN 1864-5755.
  4. ^ Beolens, Bo; Watkins, Michael; Grayson, Michael (2011). The Eponym Dictionary of Reptiles. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. xiii + 296 pp. ISBN 978-1-4214-0135-5. ("Nutaphand's Narrowhead Softshell Chitra chitra", p. 192).
  5. ^ a b c d Species Chitra chitra at The Reptile Database . www.reptile-database.org.
  6. ^ Jaruthanin, Kittipong (2023). "เตรียมพบกับข้อมูลของ'ซูโม่'ในแง่มุมต่างๆอย่างครบถ้วน". Facebook (in Thai). Retrieved 2023-09-29.

Further reading

  • De Nardi, Lauren; Le Duc, Olivier; Viriyataveekul, Siravich; Carpentier, Lou; LePrince, Benjamin; Walde, Andrew D.; Luiselli, Luca (2025). "New Records of the Critically Endangered Asian Narrow-Headed Softshell Turtle, Chitra chitra, in Thailand". Chelonian Conservation and Biology. 24 (2): 273–278.
  • Kitimasak, Wachira; Thirakhupt, Kumthorn (2002). "New Record of Chitra chitra Nutphand [sic], 1986 in Mae Ping River Thailand". The Natural History Journal of Chulalongkorn University. 2 (1): 62–63.
  • Nutaphand, Wirot (1986). "[Manlai, the world's largest soft-shelled turtle]" [Thai Zoological Magazine] 1 (4): [64–70]. (Chira chitra, new species). (in Thai).
  • Webb, R.G.; van Dijk, P.P. (2004). "Comments on the narrow-headed softshell turtle (Chitra chitra) (Testudines: Trionychidae)". Hamadryad. 29 (1): 94–100.