Amandinea

Amandinea
Amandinea punctata
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Fungi
Division: Ascomycota
Class: Lecanoromycetes
Order: Caliciales
Family: Caliciaceae
Genus: Amandinea
M.Choisy ex Scheid. & H.Mayrhofer (1993)
Type species
Amandinea coniops
(Wahlenb.) M.Choisy ex Scheid. & H.Mayrhofer (1993)
Synonyms
  • Amandinea M.Choisy (1950)

Amandinea is a genus of lichenized fungi in the family Caliciaceae.[1] Genetic studies indicates that the genus Amandinea and Buellia are the same,[2] although this is not widely accepted.[3]

Taxonomy

The genus was originally circumscribed by Maurice Choisy in 1950, with Amandinea coniops assigned as the type species.[4] However, the name was published invalidly because it was not accompanied by a Latin description or diagnosis, a requirement of the nomenclatural rules of the time.[5] Christoph Scheidegger and Helmut Mayrhofer published the genus name validly in 1993.[6] The generic name honours French Madame Amandine Manière, an acquaintance of Choisy.[7]

Description

Amandinea species have a crustose thallus ranging from cracked (rimose) to slightly blistered (bullate). The internal white layer (medulla) is iodine-negative (I−), meaning it does not turn blue in the standard iodine test and is therefore non-amyloid. The photosynthetic partner is a chlorococcoid green alga, i.e. with small, spherical cells. Sexual fruiting bodies are apothecia with either a lecanorine margin (rim made of thallus tissue) or a lecideine margin (dark, non-thalline rim). These apothecia may be partly sunk into the thallus (immersed) or sit on top of it (sessile), with either a broad or narrowed base; the discs are typically black or nearly so. The tissue beneath the spore layer (hypothecium) is pale to dark brown, sometimes with olive tones.[8]

Inside the apothecia, the hamathecium is made of paraphyses—microscopic, partitioned threads that run between the spore sacs. These are unbranched or branch only near the tip; the tips are swollen and pigmented, and many bear a dark brown cap. The asci (spore sacs) are club-shaped and of the Lecanora-type; they usually contain eight spores, though four or more than eight may occur. The ascospores are brown and 1-septate (with a single internal cross-wall), sometimes showing a thicker median wall; their surfaces are often finely wrinkled (rugose), a feature that generally requires electron microscopy to see reliably. Asexual reproduction is common via pycnidia (tiny flask-like structures) that produce curved, thread-like conidia up to about 30 μm long. Chemical tests rarely detect secondary metabolites in this genus (norstictic acid is uncommon but occurs in a few species), while most species show no substances detectable by thin-layer chromatography.[8]

Species

As of November 2023, Species Fungorum (in the Catalogue of Life) accepts 94 species of Amandinea.[9]

  • Amandinea analgifera (Aptroot & Diederich) Elix (2019)
  • Amandinea antipodensis Elix (2017)
  • Amandinea augusta (Vain.) Søchting & Øvstedal (2004)
  • Amandinea australasica Blaha, H.Mayrhofer & Elix (2016)
  • Amandinea austroconiops Elix & Kantvilas (2016)
  • Amandinea babingtonii (Hook.f. & Taylor) Søchting & Øvstedal (2004)
  • Amandinea bittangabeensis Elix & P.M.McCarthy (2020)
  • Amandinea brugierae (Vain.) Marbach (2000)
  • Amandinea brunneola Elix & H.Mayrhofer (2016)
  • Amandinea brussei Elix & H.Mayrhofer (2021)
  • Amandinea cacuminum (Th.Fr.) H.Mayrhofer & Sheard (2002)
  • Amandinea clearyi Elix & Øvstedal (2020)
  • Amandinea conglomerata Elix & Kantvilas (2013)
  • Amandinea coniops (Wahlenb.) M.Choisy ex Scheid. & H.Mayrhofer (1993)[6]
  • Amandinea conranensis Elix & P.M.McCarthy (2017)
  • Amandinea crassiuscula Giralt & Etayo (2000)[10] – Europe
  • Amandinea decedens (Nyl.) Blaha, H.Mayrhofer & Elix (2016)
  • Amandinea delangei Elix & H.Mayrhofer (2021)
  • Amandinea deminuta Hafellner (2004)
  • Amandinea destituta Elix & Kantvilas (2016)
  • Amandinea devilliersiana Elix & Kantvilas (2013)
  • Amandinea diorista (Nyl.) Marbach (2000)
  • Amandinea discreta (Darb.) Elix & H.Mayrhofer (2018)
  • Amandinea dudleyensis Kantvilas & Elix (2013)
  • Amandinea efflorescens (Müll.Arg.) Marbach (2000)
  • Amandinea endochroa (Malme) Marbach (2000)
  • Amandinea errata Marbach (2000)
  • Amandinea extenuata (Müll.Arg.) Marbach (2000)
  • Amandinea falklandica (Darb.) Elix & Kantvilas (2013)
  • Amandinea feraxioides Elix & Kantvilas (2017)
  • Amandinea fouquieriensis (Bungartz) Elix & Kantvilas (2013)
  • Amandinea fuscoatratula (Zahlbr.) Elix (2015)
  • Amandinea hnatiukii Elix (2017)[11]
  • Amandinea hypohyalina Elix & P.M.McCarthy (2020)
  • Amandinea hypopallida Elix (2017)
  • Amandinea hypostictica (Elix) Elix (2018)
  • Amandinea incrustans (J.Steiner) Marbach (2000)
  • Amandinea isabellina Søchting & Øvstedal (2004)
  • Amandinea julianeae H.Mayrhofer & Elix (2016)
  • Amandinea langloisii Imshaug ex Marbach (2000)
  • Amandinea latemarginata (Darb.) Søchting & Øvstedal (2004)
  • Amandinea lecideina (H.Mayrhofer & Poelt) Scheid. & H.Mayrhofer (1993)
  • Amandinea lignicola Tønsberg & A.Nordin (2012)
  • Amandinea litoralis (Zahlbr.) H.Mayrhofer & Elix (2016)
  • Amandinea lobarica Giralt, van den Boom & Elix (2015)[12] – Guatemala
  • Amandinea madeirensis van den Boom, Elix & Giralt (2020)[13] – Portugal
  • Amandinea maritima Giralt, van den Boom & Elix (2011)
  • Amandinea mediospora Marbach (2000)
  • Amandinea megaspora Marbach (2000)
  • Amandinea melaxanthella (Nyl.) Marbach (2000)
  • Amandinea meridionalis Elix (2022)
  • Amandinea microsticta (Meyen & Flot.) Marbach (2000)
  • Amandinea montana (H.Magn.) Marbach (2000)
  • Amandinea mountmeensis Elix & H.Mayrhofer (2020)
  • Amandinea myrticola Giralt, van den Boom & Elix (2011)[14]
  • Amandinea nana Elix & P.M.McCarthy (2018)
  • Amandinea natalensis (Vain.) Marbach (2000)
  • Amandinea nebulosa (Elix & Kantvilas) Elix & Kantvilas (2016)
  • Amandinea neoconglomerata Elix (2017)
  • Amandinea nitrophila (Zahlbr.) Elix (2015)
  • Amandinea occidentalis Elix & Kantvilas (2013)
  • Amandinea okainensis Elix & H.Mayrhofer (2018)
  • Amandinea oleicola (Nyl.) Giralt & van den Boom (2012)
  • Amandinea ornata H.Mayrhofer & Elix (2016)
  • Amandinea otagensis (Zahlbr.) Blaha, Elix & H.Mayrhofer (2016)
  • Amandinea pelidna (Ach.) Fryday & Arcadia (2012)
  • Amandinea petermannii (Hue) Matzer, H.Mayrhofer & Scheid. (1994)[15] – Antarctica
  • Amandinea pilbarensis Elix (2020)
  • Amandinea pillagaensis Elix & Kantvilas (2013)
  • Amandinea polyspora (Willey) E.Lay & P.F.May (1997)
  • Amandinea polyxanthonica (Elix) Elix (2019)
  • Amandinea porulosa (Müll.Arg.) Elix (2015)
  • Amandinea prospersa (Nyl.) Elix & H.Mayrhofer (2017)
  • Amandinea prothallinata Elix & H.Mayrhofer (2017)
  • Amandinea pseudomultispora S.Y.Kondr., Lőkös & Hur (2015)
  • Amandinea puertomonttensis Elix, H.Mayrhofer & J.M.Rodr. (2018)
  • Amandinea punctata (Hoffm.) Coppins & Scheid. (1993)[6]
  • Amandinea rangitatensis Elix & H.Mayrhofer (2017)
  • Amandinea ropinii H.Mayrhofer, Ropin & Elix (2016)
  • Amandinea santantaoensis Elix & van den Boom (2022)
  • Amandinea skottsbergii (J.Steiner & Zahlbr.) Şenkard. (2010)[16]
  • Amandinea stajsicii Elix & Kantvilas (2013)
  • Amandinea subbadioatra (C.Knight) Elix & Kantvilas (2016)
  • Amandinea subcervina (Nyl.) Elix (2017)[11]
  • Amandinea subduplicata (Vain.) Marbach (2000)
  • Amandinea submontana Marbach (2000)
  • Amandinea subplicata (Nyl.) Øvstedal (2001)
  • Amandinea trassii S.Y.Kondr., Lőkös & Hur (2016)
  • Amandinea tristiuscula (Nyl.) Elix (2019)
  • Amandinea turgescens (Tuck.) Marbach (2000)
  • Amandinea variabilis Elix, Blaha & H.Mayrhofer (2016)
  • Amandinea vitellina Blaha, Elix & Mavhofer (2016)
  • Amandinea wagoorooensis Elix (2022)
  • Amandinea windmillensis Elix (2019)
  • Amandinea xylographella (Nyl.) Marbach (2000)
  • Amandinea polyspora
  • Photograph of a cross section of an apothecium from A. punctata taken through a compound microscope, x400. (The exciple is uniformly pigmented dark brown; the epihymenium is brown; the hypothecium is brown black.)
  • Photograph of a cross section of an apothecium of A. polyspora through a compound microscope (x1000) showing 25+ spores per ascus
  • Photograph of a cross section of an apothecium of A. punctata taken through a compound microscope (x1000), showing 8 brown 1-septate spores per ascus.

References

  1. ^ Wijayawardene, Nalin; Hyde, Kevin; Al-Ani, LKT; Dolatabadi, S; Stadler, Marc; Haelewaters, Danny; et al. (2020). "Outline of Fungi and fungus-like taxa". Mycosphere. 11: 1060–1456. doi:10.5943/mycosphere/11/1/8. hdl:11336/151990.
  2. ^ Scheidegger, C. 2009. Amandinea Choisy ex Scheid. & H. Mayrhofer (1993). In: C. W. Smith, A. Aptroot, B. J. Coppins, A. Fletcher, O. L. Gilbert, P. W. James and P. A. Wosley (eds.) The Lichens of Great Britain and Ireland. The British Lichen Society, Natural History Museum Publications, United Kingdom, pp. 142–144
  3. ^ Amandinea punctata in the Joshua Tree National Park (California, U.S.A.) Map collection: Kerry Knudsen, Kocourková Jana; Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Department of Ecology, Czech Republic; 2012
  4. ^ Choisy, M. (1950). "Catalogue des lichens de la région Lyonnaise. Fasc. 3". Bulletin Mensuel de la Société Linnéenne de Lyon (in French). 19: 9–24. doi:10.3406/linly.1950.7273.
  5. ^ "Record Details: Amandinea M. Choisy, Bull. mens. Soc. linn. Soc. Bot. Lyon 19: 16 (1950)". Index Fungorum. Retrieved 19 July 2022.
  6. ^ a b c Scheidegger, Christoph (1993). "A revision of European saxicolous species of the genus Buellia De not. and formerly included genera". The Lichenologist. 25 (4): 315–364. doi:10.1006/lich.1993.1001.
  7. ^ Hertel, Hannes (2012). Gattungseponyme bei Flechten und Lichenicolen Pilzen. Bibliotheca Lichenologica (in German). Vol. 107. Stuttgart: J. Cramer. p. 77. ISBN 978-3-443-58086-5.
  8. ^ a b Cannon, Paul; Prieto, Maria; Coppins, Brian; Sanderson, Neil; Scheidegger, Christoph; Simkin, Janet (2021). "Caliciales: Caliciaceae, including the genera Acolium, Amandinea, Buellia, Calicium, Diploicia, Diplotomma, Endohyalina, Monerolechia, Orcularia, Pseudothelomma, Rinodina and Tetramelas". Revisions of British and Irish Lichens. 15: 1–35 [30]. doi:10.34885/174.
  9. ^ "Amandinea". Catalogue of Life. Species 2000: Leiden, the Netherlands. Retrieved 16 November 2023.
  10. ^ Giralt, Mireia; Etayoj, Javier; Góomez–Bolea, Antonio (2000). "Amandinea crassiuscula, a new corticolous species from the Iberian Peninsula". The Lichenologist. 32 (6): 521–529. doi:10.1006/lich.2000.0287.
  11. ^ a b Elix, J.A. (2017). "Two new species and new records of buellioid lichens (Physciaceae, Ascomycota) from Macquarie Island". Australasian Lichenology. 81: 6–15.
  12. ^ Giralt, Mireia; van den Boom, Pieter P.G.; Elix, John A. (2015). "Amandinea lobarica, a new corticolous species from Guatemala, with notes on some additional Amandinea taxa". The Lichenologist. 47 (4): 257–268. doi:10.1017/S0024282915000158.
  13. ^ van den Boom, Pieter P. G.; Elix, John A.; Giralt, Mireia (2021). "Lichen diversity of crustose Caliciaceae and Physciaceae from Alentejo, the Azores and Madeira (Portugal) including the new Amandinea madeirensis". Herzogia. 33 (2): 420–431. doi:10.13158/heia.33.2.2020.420.
  14. ^ Giralt, Mireia; van den Boom, Pieter P.G.; Elix, John A. (2011). "Amandinea myrticola, a new corticolous species from Portugal". The Lichenologist. 43 (3): 193–197. doi:10.1017/s0024282911000120.
  15. ^ Matzer, M.; Mayrhofer, H.; Scheidegger, Ch. (1994). "Notes on Amandinea petermannii comb.nov. (Physciaceae) from Antarctica". The Lichenologist. 26 (1): 39–46. doi:10.1006/lich.1994.1003.
  16. ^ Şenkardeşler, Ayhan (2010). "Additions and corrections of types in the genus Buellia s. lat. ( Physciaceae ) described by J. Steiner". The Lichenologist. 42 (4): 439–448. doi:10.1017/S0024282910000241.
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