Al-Sharif al-Radi
Muhammad bin al-Husayn bin Musa مُحَمَّدٌ بنُ الحُسَيْنِ بنِ مُوْسَى | |
|---|---|
الشَّرِيْفِ الرَّضِيِّ مُحَمَّدٌ بنُ الحُسَيْنِ بنِ مُوْسَى | |
Tomb of Sayyid al-Radi in Baghdad | |
| Title | al-Sharif al-Radi الشَّرِيْفِ الرَّضِيِّ |
| Personal life | |
| Born | 970 Baghdad, Iraq |
| Died | 1015 (aged 44–45) |
| Era | Islamic golden age |
| Main interest(s) | Tafsir, Arabic literature |
| Notable work(s) | Peak of Eloquence (collection of Imam Ali quotations) |
| Religious life | |
| Religion | Islam |
| Denomination | Shia |
| Jurisprudence | Ja'fari |
| Creed | Twelver |
| Muslim leader | |
Influenced by | |
Abū al-Ḥasan Muḥammad bin al-Ḥusayn bin Mūsā al-Abrash al-Mūsawī al-Qurashi (Arabic: أبُو الحَسَنِ السَّيِّدُ مُحَمَّدٌ بنُ الحُسَيْنِ بنِ مُوْسَى الأبرش المُوسَوِيُّ الهَاشِمِيُّ القُرَشِيُّ; 970 – 1015), also known as al-Sharīf al-Raḍī (Arabic: الشَّرِيْفِ الرَّضِيِّ) was a Shia Muslim scholar and poet of Iraqi descent. Al-Radi wrote several books on Islamic issues and interpretation of the Quran. His most well-known book is Nahj al-Balagha.[1][2]
His elder brother al-Sharif al-Murtada was also a theologian and poet. His work is still published in the universities of Cairo and Beirut, and is part of the course of Arabic literature.[3]
Pedigree
Al-Radi's father, Abu Ahmad al-Husayn ibn Musa, was a descendant of Ibrahim al-Asghar, the son of the seventh Shia imam, Musa al-Kazim. There are also claims that he is the descendant of Ibrahim al-Mujab, the grandson of al-Kazim. His mother was the granddaughter of Hasan al-Utrush, a descendant of the fourth Shia imam, Ali Zayn al-Abidin. For this reason, he was also known as thil hasabayn (the possessor of two lineages), since he relates back to the Ahl al-Bayt paternally and maternally.
Biography
Al-Radi was born in 970 in the Abbasid capital, Baghdad, and died in 1015 in his hometown. His grave is located in Kadhimiya, Baghdad. Al-Radi was the third of four children, having two sisters and a brother. After his father's death, he took the post.
Al-Radi's family was affluent, as his mother Fatima inherited a good fortune from her father. She sponsored the family when the property of her husband was confiscated by the Buyid prince 'Adud al-Dawla.
Education and teaching
Abu Ali al-Farisi taught Al-Redi.[4]
He also founded a school named Dar ul'Ilm (Arabic: دار العلم, literally House of knowledge) in which he trained many students.
Works
The book is a collection of sermons, precepts, prayers, epistles, and aphorisms of Ali and compiled by al-Radi in the tenth century.[5][6][7] A number of his contemporaries wrote commentaries on al-Radi's compilation.
Extent and scope of compilation
Ali's sermons were compiled, read, and taught before al-Radi was born.[8] The services of al-Radi are now regarded as significant in the philosophy of monotheism.[9]
Collected sermons in the Nahj al-Balagha cover Islam, theology and metaphysics; worship, wisdom, philosophy; piety and the afterlife.[10][11]
However, critics of the Nahj al-Balagha generally raise two objections: they claim that al-Murtada is one of the authors, and most of the contents are not by Ali.[12]
Offspring and death
Scholar Abu Ahmad Adnan was his child. There were no grandchildren.[13][14][15]
See also
References
- ^ Prof. S. M. Azizuddin Husain, Director Rampur Raza Library, Ministry of Culture, Government of India. "Shah Nama's Rare Manuscripts of Raza Library – A study" (PDF). Ministry of Culture, Government of India. Archived from the original (PDF) on 13 July 2015. Retrieved 11 July 2015.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ Alulbayt (28 May 2015). "Nahjul-Balagha Manuscript". Alulbayt Foundation, London. Archived from the original on 13 July 2015. Retrieved 11 July 2015.
- ^ Ali Islam Abu (Durham e-Theses) (24 October 2012). Al-Sharif Al-Radi (Doctoral). Durham University Stockton Road Durham DH1 3LE UK. Retrieved 11 July 2015. PDF version Archived 12 October 2017 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ Ali Islam Abu (24 October 2012). Al-Sharif Al-Radi (Doctoral). Durham University Stockton Road Durham DH1 3LE UK. p. 107. Retrieved 11 July 2015. PDF version Archived 12 October 2017 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ Abbas Deygan Darweesh Al-duleimi, Ph D General Linguistics (June 2013). "Some Functions of Ellipsis in Religious Texts" (PDF). Conference Proceedings. II (1st Annual International Interdisciplinary Conference, AIIC 2013 24–26 April 2013, at University of the Azores, Ponta Delgada Azores Islands, Portugal). EUROPEAN SCIENTIFIC INSTITUTE Publishing: 128–129. Archived from the original (PDF) on 13 July 2015. Retrieved 8 July 2015.
- ^ Translated by Ali Sharif. "ON THE MILLENIUM OF AL-SHARIF AL-RADHI". Rafed.net (Trasha). Retrieved 9 July 2015.
- ^ "NAHJUL-BALAGHA (Peak of Eloquence)". The official website of Professor Hossein Ansarian. 24 October 2010. Retrieved 7 July 2015.
- ^ Ayatollah Dr. Sayyid Fadhel Milani (6 June 2002). "The Authenticity of Nahj al-Balagha (Victor News Magazine Articles)". School of Oriental and African Studies, London, UK. Archived from the original on 27 November 2015. Retrieved 10 July 2015.
- ^ Church \ Church in Dialogue (25 November 2014). "Card Tauran: Muslims, Christians must be credible believers". Vatican Radio. Retrieved 9 July 2015.
- ^ Dr. Ali Raza Tahir Assistant Professor Department of Philosophy, University of Punjab, Lahore-Pakistan (2 June 2012). "Special Reference to Nahjul Balagha" (PDF). Interdisciplinary Journal of Contemporary Research in Business. 4. Institute of Interdisciplinary Business Research. Archived (PDF) from the original on 13 July 2015. Retrieved 10 July 2015.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ Feryal Abdollah Hodeb, Mohammad Al-Shraydah (2014). "Metaphysics in the Oratory Quotes of Nahj al-Balagha (A documentary Study in Arabic)". DIRASAT (HUMAN AND SOCIAL SCIENCES ) by Deanship of Academic Research, University of Jordan. 41 (2014). Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 9 July 2015.
- ^ Web Admin. "NAHJ AL-BALAGAH in Encyclopedia Topic". First Ismaili Electronic Library and Database. Archived from the original on 29 July 2014. Retrieved 9 July 2015.
- ^ Nahj al-Balagha. 1956 (in Urdu and Arabic) (Supplemented 2010 ed.). Lahore: Imamia Kutub Khan, Mughal Havaili, Lahore. pp. 56–58.
- ^ Nahj al-Balagha (in Urdu and Arabic) (Second April 2000 ed.). Karachi: Tanzeem-ul-Makatib, Lucknow and Mahfooz Book Agency Karachi. pp. 5–6.
- ^ Nahj al-Balagha/Peak of Eloquence (Seventeenth Impression 2012 ed.). Karachi: Islamic Seminary Publications, Accra Bombay Freetown Karachi London New York City. 1984. pp. 122–123. ISBN 0-941724-18-2.